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In brief
Section actions
Duration: Documentation — 1 day; lessor's response — weeks; ARS/court procedure — 2 to 12 months
Cost: ADIL/CCAS/free conciliation; diagnosis and lawyer — lessor's responsibility / legal aid
On-site only

Who this guide is for

Section actions
  • Renters in a housing with serious defects (moulding, no heating, electricity)
  • Families with children whose health is affected by housing conditions
  • Those whose work the lessor refuses

To be prepared in advance

Section actions
  • Photos of all defects with date
  • Copy of the lease and condition of the place of entry
  • History of exchanges with the lessor (mails, e-mails)
  • Medical certificates if health has suffered

Step-by-step procedure

Section actions
  1. 1Identify the breach threshold. The "decency" (law of 1989 + decree 2002) imposes: waterproof roof, functional heating, water (cold and hot), safe electricity, minimum surface area 9 m², windows. The "unsanitary" is more serious, dangerous to life, recognized by the ARS/prefect.
  2. 2Document everything: photos, videos, temperature measurements. Prove that the problem does not come from your behavior (vetusty or defect = burden of the lessor).
  3. 3Send the lessor a formal notice (recommended with AR) describing defects, photos, and requiring work within a period of time (emergency: a few days).
  4. 4In case of refusal or inaction, report to the town hall (sanitary/housing department) and to the ARS. They can inspect and issue an injunction to the landlord.
  5. 5Enter the departmental conciliation commission (free of charge) and then the judge for protection disputes. He can order the work, reduce the rent retroactively, allocate damage.
  6. 6In the event of unsanitary conditions recognized by the Prefect, the lessor must relocate you or finance temporary accommodation. Rent can be reduced or suspended.
  7. 7Do not leave "in silence" without a solution: the expulsion of an indecent dwelling opens up the right to rehousing — enter the CCAS/DALO.

Common mistakes

Section actions
  • To think that "housing will do the job". Decency is a legal requirement, not a wish.
  • Do not document defects in writing and photo — difficult then to prove.
  • Leave without formalizing, losing the right to rehousing and lower rent.
  • Directly refer to court without conciliation or notification to the lessor.
  • Ignore that the ARS and the City Council can force the lessor — it's a free lever.

Official sources

Section actions
Show sources in this section

Useful links

Section actions

Important remark

The qualification of unsanitaryness is the responsibility of the ARS and the Prefect. This information is indicative — for your situation, speak urgently to the ADIL, the CCAS or a lawyer.

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